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Wikipedia ལས།
Pneumonia
མིང་གི་རྣམ་གྲངས།Pneumonitis
Chest X-ray of a pneumonia caused by influenza and Haemophilus influenzae, with patchy consolidations, mainly in the right upper lobe (arrow)
གསལ་བསྒྲགས།
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ཁྱད་ཆོས།Pulmonology, infectious disease
ནད་རྟགས།Cough, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, fever[]
དུས་ཡུན།Few weeks[]
རྒྱུ་རྐྱེན།Bacteria, virus, aspiration[][]
ཉེན་ཁ།Cystic fibrosis, COPD, sickle cell disease, asthma, diabetes, heart failure, history of smoking, older age[][][]
ནད་ངོས་བཟུང་།Based on symptoms, chest X-ray[]
འདྲ་མཉམ་མེདཔ།COPD, asthma, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism[]
བཀག་ཐབས།Vaccines, handwashing, not smoking[༡༠]
གསོ་ཐབས།Antibiotics, antivirals, oxygen therapy[༡༡][༡༢]
བསྐྱར་འབྱུང༌།450 million (7%) per year[༡༢][༡༣]
འཆི་བ།Four million per year[༡༢][༡༣]

References

[ཞུན་དག]
  1. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Ash2007
  2. Behera, D. (2010). Textbook of pulmonary medicine (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub. pp. 296–97. ISBN 978-81-8448-749-7. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  3. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named RespText09
  4. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Jeff2010
  5. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NIH2011Risk
  6. Caldeira, D.; Alarcao, J.; Vaz-Carneiro, A.; Costa, J. (2012-07-11). "Risk of pneumonia associated with use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis". The BMJ. 345 (jul11 1). BMJ: e4260. doi:10.1136/bmj.e4260. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 3394697. PMID 22786934. Susceptibility is higher among elderly people (≥65 years)
  7. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named CDC2020SCD
  8. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NIH2011Diag
  9. Hoare Z, Lim WS (May 2006). "Pneumonia: update on diagnosis and management" (PDF). BMJ. 332 (7549): 1077–79. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7549.1077. PMC 1458569. PMID 16675815. Archived from the original on 9 April 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  10. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NIH2011Pre
  11. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named NIH2011Tx
  12. ༡༢.༠ ༡༢.༡ ༡༢.༢ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lancet11
  13. ༡༣.༠ ༡༣.༡ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named CochraneTx13
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